Operation Sindoor: What Happened?
On May 6, 2025, India launched Operation Sindoor, a series of precision airstrikes targeting militant camps in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The operation was a direct response to the Pahalgam attack on April 22, where militants killed 28 civilians, predominantly Hindu tourists. India attributed the attack to Pakistan-based groups, notably Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba.
The name “Sindoor,” a red pigment symbolizing marital status in Hindu culture, was chosen to honor the widows of the victims.
Table of Contents
Timeline of Attacks and Responses
May 6, 2025 – India Initiates Operation
India conducted airstrikes on nine locations in Pakistan-administered Kashmir and Pakistan’s Punjab province. The strikes targeted terrorist infrastructure, including camps associated with Jaish-e-Mohammed and Lashkar-e-Taiba. India claimed the operation was “focused, measured, and non-escalatory,” emphasizing that no Pakistani military facilities were targeted.
May 7, 2025 – Pakistan Responds
Pakistan retaliated with drone attacks targeting Indian border towns, resulting in several injuries and damages. Additionally, Pakistan claimed to have downed multiple Indian drones during the overnight exchanges.
May 8–10, 2025 – Rising Tensions
- India deployed the S-400 missile defense system to bolster its air defense capabilities.
- Pakistan mobilized troops near the Line of Control (LoC).
- Global markets reacted sharply to the regional instability, with significant fluctuations observed.
- On May 10, Pakistan launched Operation Bunyan al-Marsus, targeting multiple cities across India, including the capital, New Delhi.
Global Leaders Call for Peace
The international community expressed deep concern over the escalating conflict:
- United Nations Secretary General António Guterres urged both nations to exercise restraint and emphasized that “the world cannot afford a military confrontation between India and Pakistan.”
- Former U.S. President Donald Trump offered to mediate the longstanding Kashmir dispute. While Pakistan welcomed the involvement, India remained non-committal, emphasizing that the ceasefire stemmed from direct military communication with Pakistan.
- Other nations, including the United Kingdom, China, and Turkey, also called for immediate de-escalation and offered to facilitate peace talks.
Kashmir Residents in Danger Zone
Civilians residing along the Line of Control (LoC) faced severe hardships:
- Many fled their homes due to continuous shelling and drone attacks.
- Infrastructure, including schools, homes, and hospitals, suffered extensive damage.
- Relief camps were established; however, aid was limited due to ongoing hostilities.
- Vulnerable groups, especially children and the elderly, were the most affected, facing shortages of food and medical supplies.
Press Briefing on Operation Sindoor
Conclusion: What Lies Ahead?
The India-Pakistan Conflict 2025 marked a significant escalation in the longstanding tensions between the two nations. While a fragile ceasefire has been established, the underlying issues, particularly the Kashmir dispute, remain unresolved. The international community continues to monitor the situation closely, emphasizing the need for sustained diplomatic efforts to ensure lasting peace in the region.
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